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According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the Indiana Department of Environmental Management, confined feeding is the raising of animals
for food, fur or recreation in lots, pens, ponds, sheds or buildings,
where they are confined, fed and maintained for at least 45 days during
any year, and where there is no ground cover or vegetation present over
at least half of the animals' confinement area. Livestock markets and
sale barns are generally excluded.
Confined Feeding Operations (CFOs)
Indiana law defines a confined feeding operation
as any animal feeding operation engaged in the confined feeding of at
least 300 cattle, or 600 swine or sheep, or 30,000 fowl, such as
chickens, turkeys or other poultry. IDEM regulates these confined feeding
operations, as well as smaller operations which have violated water
pollution rules or laws, under the Confined Feeding Control Law.
IDEM's Office of Land Quality administers the regulatory program which
includes permitting, compliance monitoring and enforcement activities.
Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFOs)
Due to size or historical compliance issues some confined feeding
operations are defined as concentrated animal feeding operations
(CAFOs). The general permit CAFO regulation, 327 IAC 15-15, was adopted
on Jan. 14, 2004 and went into effect on March 24, 2004. The CAFO
regulation is based upon a USEPA Clean Water Act regulation that went
into effect in December, 2003. All CAFOs are confined feeding operations.
The CAFO regulation however, contains more stringent operational
requirements and slightly different application requirements.
|
Specie |
CFO (Confined Feeding Operation)
as defined by IDEM |
CAFO
(Concentrated Animal Feeding Operation)
Requires an NPDES
(National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System) permit from EPA
The following list depicts the animal species and their threshold
numbers for needing an NPDES permit. Farms with fewer animals can be
designated a CAFO and required to get a permit if they have, or it is
determined they will pose a significant threat to have, a discharge of
pollutants from the production areas or waste storage facilities.
| |
Beef Cattle |
300 |
1000 | |
Dairy Cattle |
300 |
700 mature cows | |
Swine |
600 |
2,500 – over 55 lbs.
10,000 – less than 55 lbs. | |
Fowl |
30,000 |
• 55,000 Turkeys
• 5,000 ducks (liquid manure handling system)
• 30,000 ducks (solid manure handling system)
• 82,000 laying hens (solid manure handling system)
• 30,000 chickens (liquid manure handling system)
• 125,000 broilers with a solid manure handling system | |
Sheep |
600 |
10,000 | |
Veal |
300 |
1,000+ | |
Horse |
na |
500 |
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